Student Information

• Student Name: Karina Jonina
• Student Code: c00278440
• Module Title: Data Visualisation and Insight
• Module Code: DATAC5202
• Module Leader: Agnes Maciocha
• Course Name: Master of Science in Data Science
• Course Code: CW_KCDAR_M
• Due Date: 5th January 2022

Introduction

Aim
- Tell a story about AirBnB listings through graphs in ‘plotly’ and ‘dplyr’ packages in R.

Housing Crisis

• Defined as a shortage of affordable accommodation for renting or buying

AirBnB

• Leading short-term lease of a private property website, where individuals place their homes on AirBnB to lease it to tourists on a short-term basis

Research Quesion

• How does AirBnB impact on the Irish House Crisis?

CSVs Used

#	csv	Description
1	listings.csv	AirBnB listings in Ireland from the beginning of AirBnB operating in Ireland
2	homeless_September_2021.csv	Homeless Report published every month by the Irish government captures statistics about homelessness (Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, 2021).
3	rent_pressure_zones.csv	Rent Pressure Zones (RPZs) are areas located in parts of the country where rents are the highest and rising, and where households have the greatest difficulty finding affordable accommodation (Residential Tenancies Board, 2021).
4	rent_in_ireland.csv	The website daft.ie publishes reports on the Irish housing market every quarter. The report Q2 2021 was used to find out the rent in each city and county in Ireland (Lyons, 2021).
5	calendar.csv	AirBnB listings from 23rd October 2021 to 21st October 2021 (dates not chosen by student, supplied by AirBnB), contains 9 million rows.

New Dataset made from calendar.csv

#	csv	Description
6	summarise_df.csv	A new dataset from calendar.csv was created, where listings were examined by availability for each month within a year (23rd October 2021 to 21st October 2022).
7	available_nights_df.csv	A new dataset summarising the number of available nights for each listing in a year (23rd October 2021 to 21st October 2022).

Business Understanding

Housing Crisis

• Defined as a shortage of affordable accommodation for renting or buying
• Irish government attempts reduce the housing crisis with plans of affordable and social housing
• Adults of all ages worry about not being able to afford a home because of rent prices and increasing house prices

AirBnB

• Criticised for the increase of listings for short-term leasing for tourism
• Reported that over 30,000 Irish listings on the site in Ireland for short-term lease (Pope, 2021)
• Nearly half of those listings are rooms in private homes and over 10,000 entire homes are available all-year-round
• Planning permission: for listing in Rent Pressure Zones (RPZs) if entire rental unit is leased for short-term lets of more than 90 days in total (Citizensinformation.ie, no date).

Research Question

1. What is the impact of AirBnB on Irish Housing Crisis?
2. Can moving entire rental units and private rooms from AirBnB listings take the pressure of the Irish Housing Crisis?

Data Preparation

• Dropping
  • outliers in price
  • past AirBnB Listings,no longer available between 23rd October 2021 and 21st October 2021.
  • ‘Hotel room’ from dataset because hotel rooms are not contributing to the Housing Crisis.
• Creating new variables:
  • Term: short-term and long-term lease
  • Threshold: under-90 and over-90 days lease
  • Planning permission: Required and Not Required
  • Student Accommodation: True or False

Final Dataset

• 17935 rows
• 34 columns
• AirBnB listings available between 23rd October 2021 to 21st October 2022
• Any past AirBnB are not included in our dataset

Data Dictionary

Field	Type	Description
id	integer	AirBnB’s unique identifier for the listing
name	text	Title of the property on AirBnB
host_id	interger	AirBnB’s unique identifier for the host
host_name	text	Host’s name
lea	text	Local Electoral Areas (LEAs)
council	text	County or City Council
county	text	County of the AirBnB Listing
latitude	numeric	Uses the World Geodetic System (WGS84) projection for latitude and longitude
longitude	numeric	Uses the World Geodetic System (WGS84) projection for latitude and longitude
room_type	string	Entire rental unit, Private room, Shared room, Hotel room
price	currency	Daily price in local currency
minimum_nights	integer	minimum number of night stay for the listing (calendar rules may be different)
availability_365	integer	availability_x. The availability of the listing x days in the future as determined by the calendar. Note a listing may be available because it has been booked by a guest or blocked by the host
student_accomodation	logical	Whether TRUE or FALSE
total_income	interger	AirBnB listings potential total income (available nights * price)
threshold_day_90	text	Whether over-90 or under-90 days
term	text	Whether the AirBnB listing is available for long-term lease or short-term lease
per_day_rent_AirBnB	text	Whether the property should be AirBnBed or rented our based on daily price
per_year_rent_AirBnB	text	Whether the property should be AirBnBed or rented our based on potential income

AirBnB Overview

Where are the AirBnB listings in Ireland?

Which counties have the most AirBnB listings in Ireland?

When are most AirBnB listings Available?

Breakdown by County

What type of accomodation is most common in each county?

What is the price of each type of accomodation for each county?

When are the most AirBnB listings Available?

Rent Pressurised Zones

Which AirBnB listings are in the Rent Pressure Zones?

What Room Types are available inside and outside Rent Pressure Zones?

What rooom type is cheaper inside or outside of Rent Pressure Zones?

When are the most AirBnB listings Available, examining by Rent Pressure Zone?

Entire Rental Unit

Where are the most AirBnB Listings of Entire Rental Units??

Breakdown of Price of Entire Rental Unit AirBnB listings by RPZ and County

Which AirBnB Listings are in Require Planning Permission?

Planning permission: for listing in Rent Pressure Zones if entire rental unit is leased for short-term lets of more than 90 days in total (Citizensinformation.ie, no date).

What is the availability for each Entire Rental Unit AirBnB listing?

When are the most Entire Rental Units AirBnB listings Available in Rent Pressure Zone?

Which Entire Rental Units should be rented out?
Profitability PER YEAR?

Private Room

Where are the most AirBnB Listings of Private Rooms?

Breakdown of Price of Entire Rental Unit AirBnB listings by RPZ and County

Profitability PER YEAR

Which AirBnB Listings would in Require Planning Permission?

Planning permission: for listing in Rent Pressure Zones if entire rental unit is leased for short-term lets of more than 90 days in total (Citizensinformation.ie, no date). No planning permission is required for private rooms.

When are the most Private Room AirBnB listings Available
in Rent Pressure Zones?

Availability

Top Hosts with the most listings on AirBnB in Rent Pressure Zones

Location of Properties owned by Top AirBnB listings

Room Type in Top Hosts in Rent Pressure Zones by County

Student Accomodation

How many AirBnBs target Students?

AirBnB listings targetting Students by County

AirBnB hosts that target students

Type of Accomodation available to Students

Homelessness

Homelessness by County or Region

AirBnB by County or Region

Conclusion

• Rent Pressure Zones: a lot of properties in Dublin City and surrounding areas, Cork City and commuting towns, and Galway City are in the Rent Pressure Zone.
• Pricing Discrepancy: No difference between price of AirBnB listings inside and outside Rent Pressure Zones but there is a difference between room types.
• Renting is better: AirBnB hosts would earn more, if the property is rented for long-term leasing instead of AirBnBing.
• Student Accomodation: Some hosts advertise their listings to students on AirBnB.
• Planning Permission: required for listing in Rent Pressure Zones if entire rental unit is leased for short-term lets of more than 90 days in total. However, we suggest that this is also done for private rooms.
• Housing Crisis: AirBnB removes a lot of potential houses from the long-term leasing or housing market. By decreasing the number of properties (both entire rental untis and private rooms) available on AirBnB and moving them to the long-term rental market would release pressure of the Housing Crisis.

The End

Thank you for your time